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<text id=92TT0706>
<title>
Apr. 06, 1992: France:Splintering Influence
</title>
<history>
TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1992
Apr. 06, 1992 The Real Power of Vitamins
</history>
<article>
<source>Time Magazine</source>
<hdr>
WORLD, Page 26
FRANCE
Splintering Influence
</hdr><body>
<p>In chaotic regional elections, voters reject the entire
Establishment and give new power to LePen's anti-foreign,
anti-immigrant nationalists
</p>
<p>By George J. Church--Reported by Frederick Ungeheuer/Paris
</p>
<p> Since Charles de Gaulle founded the Fifth Republic in
1958 and cut short 14 years of political chaos, France has been
a model of governmental stability. But last week brought back a
strong whiff of the Fourth Republic atmosphere of clashing
factions and evanescent coalitions. In elections for 22
regional councils throughout the country, voters dealt a stiff
blow to the entire political establishment and catapulted fringe
movements and personalities into new prominence; in many
councils they will cast the deciding votes. The balloting has
no direct effect on the national government; France is a highly
centralized country in which the regional councils have little
power. But the outcome does signal a public mood of sour
discontent that will make the country decidedly more difficult
for President Francois Mitterrand, or anyone else, to lead.
</p>
<p> Domestic gripes--economic troubles, boredom with the
governing Socialists, anger over corruption scandals--did most
to produce this mood. But it was intensified by, and will
further exacerbate, a more general malaise that is diluting the
country's international influence--precisely when, at a
critical time of transition, the European Community needs Paris'
traditional leadership more than ever. The French are worried
that their country is failing to find a new role in the
post-cold war world and that within Europe it is being
overshadowed by the rise of a unified and vibrant Germany.
Should they assert themselves vigorously and strive to lead the
new Europe or retreat into a kind of Gallic stockade and
preoccupy themselves with domestic concerns? The regional
elections pointed to a distressing trend toward the second
option.
</p>
<p> Mitterrand's Socialist Party scarcely looks able to supply
any new leadership. It was rejected by more than four-fifths of
the voters; the party polled a dismal 18%. But the Socialists
had been expected to lose ground; the real surprise was that
voters turned their back on the right as well. The Union for
France, a coalition of the two main conservative parties,
reaped a mere 33%, down 4 points from its share in the last
regional elections in 1986. Just under half (49%) of those who
cast ballots chose to leap out of the political mainstream
altogether.
</p>
<p> Out on the fringes, two environmentalist parties, the
Greens and the newly formed Ecology Generation, pulled nearly
14%, more than double any previous share. The two, however, are
as much rivals as allies. Ecology Generation is led by Brice
Lalonde, who is Environment Minister in Mitterrand's Cabinet and
is called "the Pink Submarine" by his opponents; they view him
as a subversive Socialist who uses ecology as a front to promote
his ambitions. Lalonde, in turn, calls Antoine Waechter, the
leader of the Greens, a "totalitarian" who rejects all
compromise.
</p>
<p> The big winner, to the extent that there was any, was
extreme-right-winger Jean-Marie le Pen, leader of the xenophobic
National Front. His party also took 14% of the vote, only 4
points above its showing in the 1986 regional elections. But it
established itself as a force in every region of France and as
the most influential right-wing party in Europe. In some other
areas its representatives will be the kingmakers, deciding who
will lead closely divided councils. The Communists, once the
biggest single party in France, bottomed out with 8% of the
vote.
</p>
<p> The splintering could not be blamed on public apathy.
Though there had been widespread predictions that less than half
of France's voters would show up at the polls, in fact 68% did.
So the vote pointed to active disgust with traditional parties,
politicians and politics.
</p>
<p> It is a many-sided mood, in part contradictory. After
winning office in 1981, the Socialists engaged in a burst of
nationalization of industry that proved disastrous; ever since,
the party has followed policies so conservative that to many
voters it no longer seems to stand for anything. Mitterrand, at
75 and after nearly 11 years in power, has become an august,
remote figure (he is sometimes sarcastically called Dieu, or
God) and has seemed at times to lose his touch in foreign
affairs, to the detriment of French influence.
</p>
</body>
</article>
</text>